Finding unusual growths in your backyard can be surprising, especially when dark, finger-shaped forms suddenly appear in mulch or soil. While they may look mysterious at first glance, these formations are often a common woodland fungus known as Dead Man’s Fingers (Xylaria polymorpha). Despite the dramatic name and unusual appearance, this fungus is generally harmless. In fact, it plays an important role in nature by helping break down decaying wood and returning nutrients to the soil. What may seem alarming at first is actually part of a healthy ecosystem quietly at work beneath your feet.
Dead Man’s Fingers typically grow in clusters and appear as upright, finger-like projections that can reach three to four inches tall. When they first emerge, they may be pale gray or whitish in color. As they mature, they darken to deep brown or black and develop a firm, slightly rough texture. These fungi are most often found in shaded, damp areas where buried wood, old tree roots, or mulch are present. Spring and fall are common seasons for their growth, especially after periods of rain. Their distinctive shape and color make them stand out against lighter wood chips or soil.
Correct identification is usually straightforward when you look closely at their features. They have a solid structure, a smooth to slightly bumpy exterior, and a darkened surface once mature. If cut open, the interior is typically white when young, becoming darker over time. Although they are sometimes confused with other fungi or even decomposing roots, their upright, clustered growth pattern helps distinguish them. Unlike some mushrooms that have caps or strong odors, Dead Man’s Fingers maintain a simple, elongated form without dramatic changes in shape.
While their appearance may be unsettling, these fungi are not considered harmful to people, pets, or healthy plants. They do not attack living trees but instead feed on already decaying wood. Because of their tough, woody texture, they are not suitable for consumption. Removal is optional and usually done for visual preference rather than safety concerns. If you prefer to clear them away, gently removing both the visible growth and any decaying wood beneath can help reduce regrowth. Improving drainage and minimizing excess organic debris may also limit future appearances. Rather than viewing them with concern, you can see them as a reminder of the natural processes that quietly sustain soil health and garden life.